Supraglottis

Supraglottis extends from tongue base to the valleculae to laryngeal ventricle
Vestibule is the airspace within supraglottic larynx

Epiglottis is a leaf-shaped cartilage that functions as a lid to endolarynx
a. petiole = stem of epiglottis
b. thyroepiglottic ligament = connects petiole to thyroid cartilage inferiorly
c. hyoepiglottic ligament = connects epiglottis to hyoid bone anteriorly, covered by a mucosal fold between the valleculae (glossoepiglottic fold)
d. the free margin  = superior portion of epiglottis


3. False vocal cords,  ventricular folds,  inferior continuation of aryepiglottic folds,  mucosal
surface of ventricular ligaments; forming superior border of laryngeal ventricle

4. Arytenoid cartilages

5. Aryepiglottic folds is the mucosal reflections between cephalad portion (= arytenoid processes) of
arytenoid cartilage + inferolateral margin of epiglottis soft-tissue folds forming border between lateral pyriform sinuses and the central laryngeal lumen

6. Laryngeal ventricle= fusiform fossa bounded by crescentic edge of false cords superiorly +
straight margin of true cords inferiorly, generally not visible on axial scans

7. Preepiglottic space low-density tissue between anterior margin of epiglottis + thyroid
cartilage

8. Paralaryngeal space is a low-density tissue between true + false cords and thyroid cartilage
continuous with preepiglottic space anteriorly + aryepiglottic folds superiorly

Right Upper Quadrant Pain

Right Upper Quadrant Pain

A. BILE DUCTS
1. Biliary colic/bile duct obstruction
2. Acute cholecystitis/cholangitis
B. LIVER
1. Acute hepatitis: alcoholic, viral, drug-related, toxic
2. Hepatic abscess
3. Hepatic tumor: metastases, hepatocellular carcinoma, hemangioma, focal nodular hyperplasia,
hepatic adenoma
4. Hemorrhagic cyst
5. Hepatic congestion: acute hepatic congestion, Budd-Chiari syndrome
6. Perihepatitis from gonococcal/chlamydial infection (Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome)
C. PANCREAS
1. Acute pancreatitis
D. INTESTINES
1. Acute appendicitis
2. Peripyloric ulcer
3. Small bowel obstruction
4. Irritable bowel
5. Colitis/ileitis
6. Intestinal tumor
E. LUNG
1. Pneumonia
2. Pulmonary infarction
F. KIDNEY
1. Acute pyelonephritis
2. Ureteral calculus
3. Renal/perirenal abscess
4. Renal infarction
5. Renal tumor
G. OTHERS
1. Costochondritis
2. Herpes zoster

Mammogram calcifications

Cancer is seen with clustered, pleomorphic microcalcifications
Magnification views are NB for form, size, distribution and number of calcifications
- FORM: benign calcifications - skin calcifications, egg shell calcifications in oil cysts, arterial calcification, milk of calcium in breast cysts, degrading fibroadenoma,

Vasculitis Mindmap

Vascular and Interventional radiology

Anatomy - Head and neck detail mindmap

PE - Pulmonary Embolism - Mindmap review

Unilateral Pulmonary Edema Pattern - contralateral and Ipsilateral causes

Unilateral Pulmonary Edema Pattern - contralateral and Ipsilateral causes

Pulmonary Edema Pattern Symmetrical Bilateral alveolar pattern

Localised Alveolar Pattern

The Breast Days course at Jeddah October 2011

This is the DDx for a paranasal sinus lesion ..... i think also taken from the case review series .... 

How many times a radiologist would see a lesion in the PNS during a routine brain CT and tend to report it as sinusitis .... It would be helpful if you storm your brain and think about other differentials ... each one of these has a different appearance than the other ....

The violet branch has been added by myself during studying of other diseases that I found it would be helpful to remember them during thinking about the DDx of a PNS mass ...

DDx for Extra-Testicular Scrotal Lesions

craniopharyngioma mind map

craniopharyngioma mind map

DDx for anterior beaking of vertebrae

DDx for anterior beaking of vertebrae

I don't remember where the source was from but mostly from the case review ..

Sickle Cell Anemia Nephropathies

Sickle Cell Anemia Nephropathies:
Patients of SCA can develop a number of conditions in the kidneys ---- Its good to keep them in mind

Made while studying from Aunt Minnies Cases 2009

Contrast NSS

Causes of Linitis Plastica

Causes of Linitis Plastica .......

HD = Hodgkin's Disease
NHL = Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
PAN = Polyarteritis Nodusa
TB = Tuberculosis

From Radiology Review Manual 6th edition page 770

DDx for CRAZY-PAVING PATTERN seen on HRCT

DDx for CRAZY-PAVING PATTERN seen on HRCT
BAC = broncho-alveolar cell carcinoma
PCP = pneumocystic carinii pneumonia
NSIP = non-specific interstitial pneumonia
ARDS = acute respiratory distress syndrome
OP = organising pneumonia

Signs of Pneumoperitoneum on Abdominal Radiograph

Signs of Pneumoperitoneum on Abdominal Radiograph

Dahnert 6th Edition page 756

• 
  

Causes of Pneumothorax

DDx for bone lesions showing bone sequestrum

LCH = Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis

DDx for bone lesions showing bone sequestrum

Taken from ACR case-in-point case dated 17.11.u2010

Stroke

Hemorrhage is most easily detected with CT, but it can also be visualized with gradient echo MR-sequences.

Hemorrhagic infarcts

Hemorrhagic infarcts

15% of MCA infarcts are initially hemorrhagic.

Dense MCA sign

Dense MCA sign

This is a result of thrombus or embolus in the MCA.
On the left a patient with a dense MCA sign.
On CT-angiography occlusion of the MCA is visible.

Insular Ribbon sign

Insular Ribbon sign

This refers to hypodensity and swelling of the insular cortex.
It is a very indicative and subtle early CT-sign of infarction in the territory of the middle cerebral artery.
This region is very sensitive to ischemia because it is the furthest removed from collateral flow.
It has to be differentiated from herpes encephalitis.

Carotid Artery Stenosis Images